Current robots at the millimeter scale still face severe actuation, locomotion, and power challenges. There is a discrepancy between the power source and the actuators' power requirements, which necessitates most robots at this scale to be powered by physical tethers or external photonic, magnetic, or vibration fields. Finally, the lack of onboard sensing and computing prevent fully autonomous navigation and path planning. These scale-induced challenges prevent small robots from becoming autonomous in terms of power (ability to move untethered), mobility (ability to traverse diverse terrains), and control (reliably plan the path and navigate from point A to point B).